In Hong Kong's early years as a trading port,
housing was concentrated along the coastlines of the two sides of Victoria Harbour.
In 1949, masses of refugees surged into the territory as a consequence of the Civil War on the mainland,
this led to an upsurge in demand for housing.
People began to crowd into squatter areas that grew up on the slopes of the surrounding hills
in the Sham Shui Po area. The number of squatters increased drastically.
Poor facilities, insanitary conditions, the high density of huts represented a serious safety hazard.